Abstract:
Countries in the Middle East are increasingly investing in information and communication technologies (ICTs). Social infrastructure, the financial sector, government services, schools, and hospitals in the region are now irreversibly dependent on interconnectivity and the Internet. At the same time, the role of ICTs has become an integral part of the future of domestic and international security architecture in the Middle East, emphasising the need for the development of effective cybersecurity at a regional level. The majority of global military powers have developed cyberwarfare capabilities and doctrines, and this will inevitably result in more states acquiring this capability in the near future. Non-state actors have also become highly proficient in exploiting cyber vulnerabilities.
